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These final exam questions are samples from the actual test used in this class. To study read each question and then look at the bold face answer. See if you know why that is the correct answer. Each question has a link to one page that will add more to this topic. You might also use the search engine for the site to find other pages that have the same information.
1. What is it that causes a print to turn out different from what we originally saw in the real thing before we took the photograph? a. prints are two dimensional b. the untrained eye will not see details in a real scene while the camera misses nothing c. colors are not represented exactly as seen d. the frame restricts the amount of information visible e. all of these (This is a thinking question - it does not come directly from anything we did in class)
2. The ability to determine in advance what a final print will look like before taking the photo is called_____. a. decisive moment b. pre visualization c. previewing d. imagination e. none of these
3. Equivalent exposure means using a different shutter and aperture to make identical exposures. It is used to control depth and motion. Which of the following is identical to f5.6 at 125? a. f4 at 60 b. f4 at 250 c. f8 at 1000 d. f16 at 60 e. none of these is equal
4. Film speed refers to________. a. how fast film moves through film-transport system b. how long it takes to develop film c. how sensitive the film is to light d. how sensitive the film is to developer e. none of these makes sense
5. Shutter speed interprets action. Shorter exposure times "Freeze" motion. What speed will stop the action of a soccer game? a. f22 b. 1/500 c. 1/30 d. f 1.4
6. Which of the following apertures would give the best depth of field? a . f22 b. f16 c. f2 d. 1/500
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7. What is the most common cause of
spoiled pictures? a. Camera motion from too low shutter speed b. Blur from snapping shutter too fast c. Out of focus prints in darkroom d. all of these e. none of these
8. The most interesting part of our subject should be placed in the center of the photograph. T/F
9. Framing is used in a photo to _________. a. add a feeling of depth to a scene b. distract viewers attention c. control balance d. balance the center of interest e. none of these is a good reason
10. Selective focus is the term applied to _______. a. the process of focusing the camera b. controlling what portion of a photo is in focus using the aperture c. elimination of perspective problems d. all of these e. none of these
11. It is sometimes ok to break a rule of composition. This is called artistic license. T/F
12. On the camera shutter speed dial, what is the "B" setting? a. permits long exposures b. synchronizes the flash to the shutter c. builds multiple exposures d. this is an aperture adjustment, not shutter speed
13. If you are photographing a dinosaur using a 500 mm lens is a good idea to keep you far away so you won't be squished. What is the slowest shutter speed you could use if you held that lens by hand and didn't want the photo to blur? a. 1000 b. 500 c. 250 d. 60
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14. What type of
light meter reads light that is hitting the subject and bouncing back into the camera? a. hand held meter b. incident meter c. reflective meter d. flash meter e. none of these is correct
15. Depth of field is controlled by __________. a. the size of the aperture opening b. the focal length of the lens c. the distance between the camera and lens d. all of these e. none of these
16. The type of meter that has a little white globe on it to measure the brightness of the light falling on a subject is called a _________ meter. a. reciprocity b. reflective c. incident d. incident or flash e. none of these is correct
17. If the fixer is exhausted our prints will _________. a. turn purple b. turn brown c. show no ill effect if washed long enough d. all of these e. none of these
18. What is the one chemical that we seldom throw out in this lab? a. Dektol b. HC-110 c. Stop Bath d. Fixer e. none of these
19. What metallic element makes the visible image in the developed negative? a. silver nitrate b. silver c. silver bromide d. platinum e. none of these
20. Proper agitation of film requires a consistent 5 second shake every 30 seconds. If we miss too many of the 30 second intervals our prints will lack contrast. T/F
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21. A roll of film that has been in the developer too long will be high in contrast and real dark. T/F
22. If you take pictures on an overcast day it is best to under expose by 1/2 aperture and then over develop the film to increase contrast. T/F
23. Film that is washed less than 20 minutes will probably turn brown in a few months from the fixer bleaching the emulsion. T/F
24. What are the variables that effect the time for development of a roll of film? a. time b. temperature c. agitation d. all of these e. none of these
25. Film is placed with the ________ side face up in the enlarger negative holder. a. dull (or backing of the film) b. shiny (or base of the film) c. dull (or emulsion of the film) d. shiny (or emulsion of the film) e. none of these
26. Photo paper is sensitive to ________ light and thus can have a ________ colored light on in the darkroom and be safe. a. green - red b. blue - red c. green - yellow d. all of these is correct e. none of these is correct
27. Why are print tongs (or your hands) that have been placed in fixer supposed to be washed before going into the developer tray? a. to avoid chemical contamination b. to avoid making brown stains on the print c. to avoid making white spots on the print d. all of these e. none of these
28. There are two different types of photo paper materials. One is plain paper and must wash longer than the other type which is resin coated and absorbs less chemicals. T/F
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29. One disadvantage of resin coated paper is that it is ____________ a. not easy to mount b. does not hand color or spot as well c. tends to turn brown faster d. all of these e. none of these
30. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic we can select from in purchasing photo paper? a. speed b. tone c. surface texture d. contrast e. all of these are characteristics
31. Variable contrast paper can change its contrast by placement of a purple or yellow filter in the light path of the enlarger. T/F
32. The contrast of our paper in this lab is #3 and it is a fiber based, cold tone paper. T/F
33. We focus the enlarger with the lens at a wide open aperture. We must close down the aperture to reduce the light before we make a print. If we don't reduce the light the print will not be dark enough. T/F
34. How fast or violent we agitate our prints in the paper developer makes little difference on the quality of our print. T/F
35. Fresh developer will have better contrast and produce sharper pictures than old developer. T/F
36. Why must we make a new test strip every time we make a print? a. because the amount of light hitting the paper could be less because of a darker negative or a smaller lens opening b. because the developer could have become exhausted c. because the enlarger height might have changed d. all of these e. none of these - there is no need to do a test strip
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37. Which of the following is a print manipulation trick done in the darkroom designed to modify the print to direct the viewer's eye to the center of a subject? a. dodging b. burning-in c. edge burning d. vignetting e. cropping
38. Which of the following is a darkroom trick used to eliminate unnecessary detail from a print by raising the enlarger head. a. dodging b. burning-in c. edge burning d. vignetting e. cropping
39. Which of the following darkroom tricks is used to give more exposure to a light area of a print? a. dodging b. burning-in c. edge burning d. vignetting e. cropping
40. Which of the following darkroom tricks is done by holding back light to a portion of a print during exposure in the enlarger? a. dodging b. burning-in c. edge burning d. vignetting e. cropping
41. We can use graphic arts film and regular dektol developer to make high contrast prints. T/F (we did not do this assignment this year - this question will not count)
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42. At a large nighttime stadium event one often sees individuals with on-camera
flash units trying to make pictures of the distant performers. Their flash photographs will not be successful. Why? a. electronic flash units only work when photographing people b. individuals are too excited at stadium events to hold the camera still c. the flash is too far away to have enough light to fall on the subject d. subjects will blur when taken at night because of the low shutter speed
43. What filter should be used to make a red object appear lighter in tone? a. UV b. yellow c. red d. blue e. none of these will work
44. A red filter is called a ___________ filter while a CC20 filter is called a ____________ filter. a. contrast - correction b. balance - color correction c. contrast - balance d. balance - contrast e. none of these makes sense
45. Which of the following is considered to be a special purpose filter? a. red b. green c. Star d. Star, UV, polarizing e. none of these
46. Which of the following filters would be used to make a reflection on water go away or to make the sky darker? a. red b. yellow c. polarizer d. soft focus e. none of these
47. This type of light comes from a point source such as a strobe or the sun. a. soft b. diffuse c. hard d. contrasty e. none of these
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48. Black and white film can only handle a
contrast range of 3 to 4 stops difference between the bright and shade side of a subject. How can you take a photo of a subject with more than 3 stops difference and still get good results? a. process the film for less time to reduce contrast b. use a reflector to add light to the dark side c. use a diffuser to soften the light from the bright side d. all of these e. none of these
49. If the sun is behind the camera our subject will have ________ lighting. a. silhouette b. front c. side d. top e. none of these
50. The flash must be synchronized with the camera shutter. Which of the following is the sync speed on the Pentax K1000 camera? a. 60 b. the shutter speed with the X c. any speed below 60 d. any of these e. none of these
51. Which of the following would be considered available light? a. sunlight b. moonlight c. streetlight d. all of the above e. none of the above
52. Fluorescent light will cause a _________ cast to appear on the subject when using color film a. yellow b. blue c. pink d. green e. none of these
53. The fill light should be ________ as bright as the main light. a. 2X b. 4X c. 1/2 d. 1/4 e. none of these
54. Which of the following lights used in a studio is designed to increase detail in the main shadow so it is not so dark. a. main light b. fill light c. background light d. hair light e. none of these
55. If our light meter says 125 at f2 on the shadow side of a face and 125 at f8 on the bright side of that face we have a ____________ lighting ratio. (hint - each change in aperture is a factor of 2 or 2x the other aperture..how many apertures are between these two settings) a. 8x b. 4x c. 3x d. 2x e. none of these
56. What characteristic of our negative is controlled by the processing time in the developer? a. contrast b. contrast and highlight density c. shadow density d. all of these e. none of these
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57. Photographic film can record a light ratio as high as 1 to 16 while photo paper can only record a ratio of 1 to _____. a. 12 b. 10 c. 8 d. 6 e. none of these
58. If we take a light meter reading of our subject and discover that the ratio is very soft at 2 to 1 we can improve our print quality by__________. a. reducing development of the film to compress the tones b. increasing development of the film to expand the tones c. under exposing to compress the tones d. over exposing to expand the tones e. none of these
(Answers for these exposure questions are in the exposure section)
59. Technical excellence of a photograph requires __________. a. proper exposure based on the shadow intensity b. proper film development matching contrast of subject to contrast of paper c. proper exposure of the paper base on shadow brightness d. proper processing of the paper to get maximum response on the paper e. all of these
60. Exposure controls detail in a photo. More or less exposure can destroy the detail in the shadow or the highlights. Over exposure will destroy detail in the _________ while under exposure will destroy detail in the ______. a. highlight - shadow b. shadow - highlight c. highlight - mid tones d. shadow - mid tones e. none of these
61. In the studio we can produce an effective light on a portrait by placing the light source 45 degrees up and away from the camera. This type of light will produce a small triangular light patch on one cheek below the eye and is called ________ lighting. a. cross light b. Rembrandt c. Three-quarter or Rembrant d. side e. none of these
62. What type of lighting just skims the surface of the subject producing maximum texture? a. front b. back c. three-quarter d. side lighting e. cross lighting or extreme side light
63. If we have a subject that is lit by back light and we took an exposure meter reading with an incident meter aimed at the camera we will get a __________ a. silhouette b. properly exposed subject with a rim light glow c. poorly exposed, low contrast picture d. a photo with a great deal of texture e. none of these
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64. Light from a flash 4 feet away from the camera is __________ as bright as light 1 foot from the camera. a. 1/2 b. 1/4 c. 1/8 d. 1/16 e. none of these
65. If we have a strobe with a guide number of 160 for out type of film, how far away from our subject must we stand to get an exposure of 60 at f16? (hint - formula is Ft = GN/f stop) a. 2 feet b. 4 feet c. 8 feet d. 10 feet e. none of these is correct
66. A roll of film that has been under exposed can be overdeveloped to compensate for the lack of light hitting the film and still get perfect pictures. T/F
67. The film we use in this class is called _________. a. Plus-x b. Tri-x c. Panatomic-x d. none of these
68. Photo-flo is a wetting agent and is used in processing film to reduce water spots. T/F
69. We wash film and prints to remove the fixer so that it won't turn the prints or film brown in a few months or years. T/F
70. Developer will lose its strength and does not make as good a quality print when it is old and exposed to air for a long period of time. T/F
71. The depth of field scale on a camera can be found on the lens and is used to determine depth of field and to get the maximum depth possible. T/F (this is a challenge question, you may not know about this unless you read a little)
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72. On most SLR cameras the focus is adjusted _________. a. automatically b. with the aperture wide open c. with the depth of field preview button d. with the aperture closed down e. none of these
73. An aperture is a _________. a. hole in the lens b. an opening in the camera that controls how much light enters c. sometimes called an f-stop d. labeled with numbers like 2, 4, 5.6, 8, 11 and 16 e. all of these
74. The shutter is _______. a. a hole in the lens b. an opening in the camera body that controls the intensity of light entering the camera c. an opening in the camera body or lens that controls the time light enters the camera d. all of these e. none of these
ESSAY QUESTION
What is done differently by a professional photographer in the process of taking and making pictures that is different from the amateur? Discuss things done while taking the picture - special knowledge needed to make pictures better - composition techniques - processing and darkroom techniques. Discuss special effects that can be used to make a print express and idea better. This should be one page in length. In short, what makes the difference between a simple snapshot and a professional photograph? Your answer will show how much you have learned in this class. . . .making a professional looking photo was our goal for you. |
